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群体思维的危害——以及更明智的商业选择

群体思维的危害——以及更明智的商业选择

集体思维中没有“我”。

好的, ——这很讽刺,因为这个术语是在威廉·H·怀特 1952 年的一篇文章中创造的,指的是通过最小化冲突(这里面的“我”在哪里?)来达成群体共识的过程。但通常,这种共识和“群体和谐”会给组织带来高昂的代价。以下是商业团队中群体思维的两个危险:

  • 创新受到抑制。 当反对意见和个人思考受到阻挠时,创新的火花就会被扼杀。小组成员会自我审查自己的想法和意见,以求一致。
  • 关键问题无人问津。 群体思维通常会迫使持不同意见的人顺从多数人的意见。结果,成员们错过了对替代方案的批判性评估。重要的“如果”问题可能永远不会被提出,后果也不会被考虑——这让组织面临更大的战略失误和错失机会的风险。

这并不是商业成功的秘诀,对吧?

显然,完成项目和实现目标需要团队合作。如何平衡团队需要的联系和团队精神,使其发挥最佳水平,同时又不损害“我”(即保持组织竞争力所需的个人洞察力、创造力和相反的观点)?

著名领导力专家兼作家 Kevin Eikenberry 在 最近的博客文章:团队思维。如果你从未听说过这个概念,下面是一个简单的概述,以及这种组织思维可以带来的一些实际好处:

什么是“团队思维”?

艾肯伯里认为:“团队思维是一种协作思维,它来自于那些足够关心彼此和自己的目标的人们,他们认真倾听、考虑各种选择,并为自己和服务对象做出最好的决定。”

简单来说,这是一种比集体决策更健康的替代方案,既能取得成果,又不会扼杀个人的意见。如果团体思维在你的组织中很普遍,可以通过以下方式转向团队思维:

  • 激励目标。 与所有团队努力一样,所有成员都必须理解并接受比自己更伟大的目标或宗旨。
  • 建立关系。 为了确保个人不会被系统性地压制、忽视或轻视,需要刻意努力巩固工作关系。这并不意味着所有团队成员都必须是朋友(甚至彼此喜欢);而是意味着他们必须在专业上相互尊重,并致力于合作愉快,尽管他们之间存在差异。
  • 建立信任。 自我审查和匆忙达成一致常常发生,因为个人不敢分享那些可能被认为不受欢迎或有争议的想法。你能责怪他们吗?如果你想要防止群体思维,你需要增加团队成员之间的信任。只有当你给员工一个安全的倾听、集思广益和交换想法的地方而不被评判时,新的观点和想法才能得到应有的考虑。

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